General Papers - Haemodynamic Monitoring

  1. Harvey S, Harrison D A, Singer M, Ashcroft J, Jones CM, Elbourne D, Brampton W, Young D, Rowan K (2005) Assessment of the clinical effectiveness of pulmonary artery catheters in management of patients in intensive care (PAC-Man): a randomised controlled trial. Lancet 366: 472-477
  2. Simini (2005) Pulmonary artery catheters in intensive care. Lancet 366: 435-436
  3. Remington JW, Noback CR, Hamilton WF, Gold JJ (1948) Volume elasticity characteristics of the human aorta and prediction of the stroke volume from the pressure pulse. Am J Physiology 153: 298-308
  4. Langewouters GJ, Wesseling KH, Goedhard WJA (1984) The static elastic properties of 45 human thoracic and 20 abdominal aortas in vitro and the parameters of a new model. J Biomech. 17 (6) 425-435
  5. Jonas M & Tanser S. (2002) Lithium dilution measurement of cardiac output and arterial pulse waveform analysis: an indicator dilution calibrated beat-by-beat system for continuous estimation of cardiac output. Cur Opin Crit Care 8:257-261.
  6. ReferenceJonas M, Hett D, Morgan J. (2002) Real-time, continuous monitoring of cardiac output and oxygen delivery. International Journal of Intensive Care Spring Vol. 9 No. 1.
  7. Jonas M. (2001) Estimation of cardiac output. Critical Care Focus 6: Cardiology in Critical Illness. BMJ Books, London.
  8. Gunn S R, Pinsky M R. (2001) Implications of arterial pressure variation in patients in the intensive care unit. Current Opinion in Critical Care 7:212-217.
  9. Reference(a) Teboul, J-L (2003) Dynamic concepts of volume responsiveness. Guest Editorial. International Journal of Intensive Care. Summer 10. No 2 p49-50



    Reference(b) Parry-Jones A.J.D., Pittman J.A.L., Arterial pressure and stroke volume variability as measurements for cardiovascular optimisation. International Journal of Intensive Care. Summer 10. No 2 p67-72
  10. Polanczyk C A, Rohde L E, Goldman L, Cook E F, Thomas E J, Marcantonio E R, Manigione C M, Lee T H. (2001) Right Heart Catheterization and Cardiac Complications in Patients Undergoing Noncardiac Surgery - An Observational Study. JAMA, July 18 - Vol. 286, No. 3: 309-314.
  11. Critchley LAH, Critchley JAJH. (1999) A meta-analysis of studies using bias and precision statistics to compare cardiac output measurement techniques. J Clin Monit; 15:85-91.
  12. Bland JM, Altman DG. (1986) Statistical methods for assessing agreement between two methods of clinical measurement. The Lancet, Feb 8; 307-310.
  13. Hett, D.A., Jonas, M.M. (2004) Non-invasive cardiac output monitoring. Intensive and critical care nursing 20; p103-108

LIDCO™plus Hemodynamic Monitor System: Publications & Presentations

  1. Hata JS, Stotts C, Shelsky C, Bayman E, Frazier A, Wang J, Nickel E (2010) Reduced mortality with noninvasive hemodynamic monitoring of shock. Journal of Critical Care.
  2. Kaartinen JM, Pang D, Moreau M, Vainio O, Beaudry F, del Castillo J, Lamont L, Cuvelliez S, Troncy E (2010) Hemodynamic Effects of an Intravenous Infusion of Medetomidine at Six Different Dose Regimens in Isoflurane-Anesthetized Dogs. Veterinary Therapeutics. Vol 11, No. 1
  3. Murugan R, Venkataraman R, Wahed A, Elder M, Carter M, Madden N, Kellum J (2009) preload responsiveness is associated with increased interleukin-6 and lower organ yield from brain-dead donors. Crit Care Med Vol. 37 No. 8
  4. Christiansen C, Tonnesen E (2008) Kredslobmonitorering med lithium dilution cardiac output-systemet. Ugeskr L/eger Vol. 17 No. 7 (in Danish)
  5. Dyer RA, Piercy JL, Reed AR, Lombard CJ, Schoeman LK, James MF (2008) Hemodynamic changes associated with spinal anesthesia for cesarean delivery in preeclampsia. Anesthesiology Vol. 108, No. 5
  6. Hata JS, Stotts C, Shelsky C, Wang J, Frazier A (2007) Clinical Outcomes of Dynamic versus Static Monitors in Shock: A Retrospective, Cohort Analysis. Crit Care Med Vol. 35, No 12 (Suppl)
  7. Murugan R, Venkataraman R, Madden N, Elder M, Carter M, Kellum J (2007) Preload responsiveness is associated with increased IL-6 and lower organ yield from cadaveric donors. Crit Care Med Vol. 35, No 12 (Suppl)
  8. O’Brien T (2007) LiDCO - From the laboratory to protocolized goal directed therapy.  Annual Reviews in Control 31, 303 -310
  9. Costa MG, Della Rocca G, Chiarandini P, Mattelig S, Pompei L, Barriga MS, Reynolds T, Cecconi M, Pietropaoli P (2007) Continuous and intermittent cardiac output measurements in hyperdynamic conditions: pulmonary artery catheter versus lithium dilution technique.  Intensive Care Medicine DOI 10.1007/s00134-007-0878-6
  10. de Wilde RBP, Schreuder JJ, van den Berg PCM, Jansen JRC (2007) An evaluation of cardiac output by five arterial pulse contour techniques during cardiac surgery. Anaesthesia: 62, 760-768
  11. Belloni L, Pisano A, Natale A, Piccirillo MR, Piazza L, Ismeno G, De Martino G (2007) Assessment of fluid-responsiveness parameters for off pump coronary artery bypass surgery: A comparison among LiDCO, Transesophageal Echocardiography and Pulmonary Artery Catheter.  Journal of Cardiothoracic and Vascular Anesthesia In Press
  12. Belloni L, Pisano A, Natale A, Ismeno G, Piazza L, De Martino G (2006) Fluid-responsiveness assessment in OPCAB surgery: a comparison between LiDCO, TOE and PAC modified. Euro J Anaes; 23 (Suppl. 38) O-21
  13. Maynar J, Jonas M, Labaien F (2005) Lithium Dilution Cardiac Output and Arterial Pulse Power Analysis. Yearbook of Intensive Care and Emergency Medicine edited by J L Vincent. 575-583
  14. Smith J, Kirwan C, Lei K, Beale R (2005) Cardiac Output measured by lithium dilution and transpulmonary thermodilution in adult intensive care patients. Crit Care Med. 33(12) Suppl; 207-S; A56
  15. Kirwan C, Smith J, Lei K, Beale R (2005) A comparison of two calibrated continuous arterial pressure waveform based measurements of cardiac output over 24 hour. Crit Care Med. 33(12) Suppl; 208-S; A56
  16. ReferenceHallowell G, Corley K (2005) Use of lithium dilution and pulse contour analysis cardiac output determination in anestheized horses: a clinical evaluation. Vet Anaes & Analgesia 32, 201-211
  17. Harten JM, Anderson KJ, Kinsella J, Higgins MJ (2005) Normobaric hyperoxia reduces cardiac index in patients after coronary artery bypass surgery. J Cardiothoracic Vasc Anes. 19(2) 173-175
  18. Jonas M, Nixon J, Sparkes D (2005) Cardiac Output Measurement - an incomplete story. Abstract presented at the 9th World Congress of Intensive Care and Critical Care Medicine, Buenos Aires, Argentina 2005.
  19. Anderson DM, Alvarado SJ (2003) Hemodynamic Effects of Intravenous Methadone. Anesthesiology 99: A190
  20. ReferencePearse R, Dawson D, Fawcett J, Rhodes A, Grounds RM, Bennett ED (2005) Early goal-directed therapy after major surgery reduces complications and duration of hospital stay. A randomised, controlled trial. Crit Care 9 (6) 687-693.
  21. ReferencePearse R, Dawson D, Fawcett J, Rhodes A, Grounds RM, Bennett ED (2005) Early Goal Directed Thereapy (EGDT) Reduces Morbidity and Length of Hospital Stay Following High Risk Surgery. Presented at ISICEM, Brussels, 21-25th March 2005
  22. ReferenceCosta MG, Cecconi M, Coccia C, Chiarandini P, Della Rocca G (2005) Continuous and intermittent cardiac output measurement, Pulmonary Artery Catheter vs. Lithium Dilution technique: Agreement at different levels of cardiac output. Presented at the Society of Critical Care Medicine, Phoenix Arizona, 15-19th January 2005
  23. ReferenceRhodes A, Sunderland R (2004) Arterial Pulse Pressure Analysis: The LiDCOplus System. Update in Intensive Care and Emergency Medicine 42.


  24. ReferenceA.F Mackenzie, R Savage, M.P Nicholas, A.M O'Donnell, A Pathmanathan (2004) Easily established cardiac output monitoring without risk. Poster abstract presented at Intensive Care Society Spring Meeting. 5-7th May Torquay.
  25. ReferencePearse, Ikram, Barry (2004) Equipment review: An appraisal of the LiDCO™plus method of measuring cardiac output. Critical Care 8
  26. Costa MG, Lugano M, Coccia C, Della Rocca G (2004) Continuous and intermittent lithium dilution cardiac output measurements. European J of Anaesthesiology Vol. 21, Supplement 32, A-88.

LIDCO System: Publications & Presentations

  1. Mason DJ, O'Grady M, Woods JP, McDonell W (2002) Comparison of a central and a peripheral (cephalic vein) injection site for the measurement of cardiac output using the lithium-dilution cardiac output technique in anesthetized dogs. Can J Vet Res. 66(3): 207-210
  2. Corley (2004) Inotropes and vasopressors in adults and foals. Vet Clin Equine 20: 77-106
  3. Magdesian (2004) Monitoring the critically ill equine patient. Vet Clin Equine 20: 11-39
  4. Marr (2004) Cardiac emergencies and problems of the critical care patient. Vet Clin Equine 20: 217-230
  5. Jonas M, Bruce R, Knight J. (2003) Clinical assessment of cardiac output (CO) VS LiDCO indicator dilution (ID) measurement: Are clinical estimates of cardiac output and oxygen delivery reliable enough to manage critically ill patients? Crit Care Med Vol. 30 No. 12 (Suppl)
  6. Garcia-Rodriguez C, Pittman J, Cassell CH, Sum-Ping J, El-Moalem H, Young C, Mark JB. (2002) Lithium dilution cardiac output measurement: A Clinical assessment of central venous and peripheral venous indicator injection. Crit Care Med Vol. 30, No. 10 p2199-2204.
  7. ReferenceKurita T, Morita K, Kawasaki H, Fujii K, Kazama T, Sato S. (2002) Lithium Dilution Cardiac Output Measurement in Oleic Acid-Induced Pulmonary Edema. Journal of Cardiothoracic and Vascular Anesthesia, Vol 16, No 3 (June): pp 334-337.
  8. Corley KTT, Donaldson LL, Durando MM, Birks EK. Cardiac output technologies with special reference to the horse.
  9. Mappes A, Dittrich S, Gruendel M, Huebler M, Hetzer R, Kuppe H. Lithium-based indicator dilution measurement of cardiac output in a 10 year old child after orthotopic heart transplantation. Case Report submitted for publication. The use of the LiDCOplus Hemodynamic Monitor is unlicensed in patients of less than 40 kgs / 88Ilbs in weight.
  10. Gould R, Siddall V, Peruzzi W. (2001) Comparison of intensive care practitioner's perception of the hemodynamic status of a patient without a pulmonary artery catheter with actual data obtained through a minimally invasive method of obtaining cardiac output utilizing lithium dilution. Submitted to the ASA.
  11. ReferenceMason DJ, O'Grady M, Woods JP, McDonell W. (2001) Assessment of lithium dilution cardiac output as a technique for measurement of cardiac output in dogs. American Journal of Veterinary Research Aug; 62(8): 1255-1261.
  12. ReferenceCorley K, Donaldson L, Furr M. (2002) Comparison of lithium dilution and thermodilution cardiac output measurements in anaesthetised neonatal foals. Equine Vet J 2002 Sept;34 (6) 598-601
  13. Hatfield C, McDonell W, Lemke D, Black W. (2001) Pharmacokinetics and toxic effects of lithium chloride after intravenous administration in conscious horses. American Journal of Veterinary Research Sep; 62(9): 1387-1392.
  14. Jonas, Linton, O'Brien, Band, Linton, Kelly, Burden, Chevalier, Thompson, Birch and Powell. (2001) The pharmacokinetics of intravenous lithium chloride in patients and normal volunteers. Journal of Trace and Microprobe Techniques. 19: 313-320.
  15. Siddall VJ. Gould R. Peruzzi W. (2001) Comparison of clinician assessment of haemodynamic status with actual data obtained through a minimally invasive lithium dilution method. Presented at the 47th Annual International Respiratory Congress San Antonio, Texas.
  16. Mappes A, Grundel M, Wiersich S, Kuppe H. (2000) Comparison of continuous (CCO) and lithium dilution (LIDCO) cardiac output under unstable hemodynamic conditions during cardiac surgery. World Congress of Anaesthesiologists, Montreal June.
  17. Peruzzi W. (2000) Ion selective electrode+s and critical care monitoring. American Society of Critical Care Anesthesiologists Interchange. 12: 3&7.
  18. Garcia-Rodriguez C, Cassell C, Young C, Sum Ping J. Mark J. (2000) Cardiac output measurement without pulmonary artery or central venous catheterization: A clinical assessment of the lithium dilution method. American Society of Anesthesiology, San Francisco October.
  19. Linton RAF, Linton NWF, Kelly F. (2000) How accurate is clinical assessment of cardiac output in the early postoperative period following cardiac surgery? American Society of Anesthesiology, San Francisco CA October.
  20. Mason DJ, O'Grady M, Woods JP, McDonell W. (2000) Assessment of lithium chloride dilution as a new measure of cardiac output in the dog as compared to thermodilution. Meeting of the American College of Veterinary Internal Medicine May.
  21. Linton RA, Jonas MM, Tibby SM, Murdoch IA, O'Brien TK, Linton NW, Band DM. (2000) Cardiac output measured by lithium dilution and transpulmonary thermodilution in patients in a paediatric intensive care unit. Intensive Care Med. Oct; 26(10): 1507-11.The use of the LiDCOplus Hemodynamic Monitor is unlicensed in patients of less than 40 kgs / 88Ilbs in weight.
  22. Linton RA, Young LE, Marlin DJ, Blissett KJ, Brearley JC, Jonas MM, O'Brien TK, Linton NW, Band DM Jones RS. (2000) Cardiac output measured by lithium dilution, thermodilution and transesophageal Doppler echocardiography in anesthetized horses. American Journal of Veterinary Research Jul; 61(7): 731-7.
  23. Linton RAF. (2000) Cardiac output measured by lithium dilution. EACTA meeting, Aarhus Denmark June.
  24. Mappes A, Gruendel M, Lindert J, Wiersich S, Kuppe H.(2000) Hemodynamic monitoring in cardiac surgery: changes in mean arterial pressure do not correlate with the associated changes in cardiac output. EACTA meeting, Aarhus Denmark June.
  25. Mappes A, Lindert J, Wiersich S, Gruendel M, Kuppe, H. (2000) Hemodynamic monitoring during cardiac surgery: the new LIDCO method. Cardiothoracic Technologies and Techniques meeting, Bal Harbour Florida, January.
  26. Jonas MM, Kelly FE Linton RAF, Band DM, O'Brien TK, Linton NWF. (1999) A comparison of lithium dilution cardiac output measurements made using central and antecubital venous injection of lithium chloride. Journal of Clinical Monitoring & Computing, 15: 525-528.
  27. Shapiro BA. (1999) Point-of-care blood testing and cardiac output measurement in the intensive care unit. New Horizons pp 244-252.
  28. Linton RAF, Taylor PM, Linton NWF, Flach EJ, O'Brien TK, Band DM. (1999) Cardiac output measurement in an anaesthetised giraffe. The Veterinary Record, October.
  29. Mappes A, Wiersich S, Siniawski H, Lindert J, Kuppe H. (1999) Comparison of three different technologies of measuring cardiac output (CO) in patients undergoing open heart surgery. Meeting of the American Society of Anesthesiology, Dallas October.
    Abstract
  30. Mappes A, Wiersich S, Koster A, Lindert J, Kuppe H. (1999) Lithium dilution cardiac output measurement in patients undergoing coronary artery bypass grafting. Meeting of the European Society of Intensive Care Medicine, Berlin October.
    Abstract
  31. Linton RAF, Turtle M, Band DM, O'Brien TK, Jonas MM & Linton NWF. (1999) A new technique for measuring cardiac output and shunt fraction during venovenous extracorporeal membrane oxygenation. Perfusion; 14: 43-47.
  32. Linton RAF, Band DM, O'Brien TK, Linton NWF & Jonas MM. (1998) Lithium dilution cardiac output measurement - a brief review. In: State-of-the-Art Technology in Anesthesia and Intensive Care , pp 61-66. Edited by: Ikeda K, Doi M & Kazama T; pub. Elsevier Science B.V., Amsterdam.
  33. Linton R, Turtle M, Band D, O'Brien T & Jonas M. (1998) In vitro evaluation of a new lithium dilution method of measuring cardiac output and shunt fraction in patients undergoing venovenous extracorporeal membrane oxygenation. Critical Care Medicine; 26: 174-177.
  34. Linton R, Band D, O'Brien T, Jonas MM & Leach R. (1997) Lithium dilution cardiac output measurement: A comparison with thermodilution. Critical Care Medicine; 25: 1796-1800.
  35. ReferenceKurita T, Morita K, Kato S, Kikura M, Horie M, Ikeda K. (1997) Comparison of the accuracy of the lithium dilution technique with the thermodilution technique for measurement of cardiac output. British Journal of Anaesthesia; 79: 770-775.
  36. Band DM, Linton RAF, O'Brien TK, Jonas M & Linton NWF. (1997) The shape of indicator dilution curves used for cardiac output measurement in man. Journal of Physiology; 498: 225-229.
  37. Linton RAF, Linton NWF & Band DM. (1995) A new method of analysing indicator dilution curves. Cardiovascular Research; 30: 930-938.
  38. Linton RAF, Band DM & Haire KM. (1993) A new method of measuring cardiac output in man using lithium dilution. British Journal of Anaesthesia; 71: 262-266.

PulseCO™ System References

  1. Kim JJ, Dreyer WJ, Chang AC, Breinholt III JP, Grifka RG (2006) Arterial pulse wave analysis: An accurate means of determining cardiac output in children*. Paed Crit Care Med 7(6) 532-535 The use of the LiDCOplus Hemodynamic Monitor is unlicensed in patients of less than 40 kgs / 88Ilbs in weight
  2. download documentOgura T, Fukuda I, Nakagaki T, Sugahara S, Kazama T (2005) Accuracy of the Continuous Cardiac Output Measurement by PulseCO™ during Valsalva Manoeuvre. (A830) Presented at the 2005 ASA, Atlanta Georgia
  3. Pittman J, Bar Yosef S, SumPing J, Sherwood M, Mark J (2005) Continuous cardiac output monitoring with pulse contour analysis: A comparison with lithium indicator dilution cardiac output measurement. Crit Care Med. 33 (9) 2015-2021
  4. View AbstractTsutsui M, Mori T, Aramaki Y, Fukuda I, Kazama T. (2004) A comparison of two methods for continuous cardiac output measurement: PulseCO VS CCO. Masui. Aug;53(8):929-33.
  5. View AbstractMasayuki Igawa, Yusuke Ebana, Isshi Kobayashi, Tomoshige Muraiso, Ryoko Takahashi, Shigeo Umezawa, Hiroki Katoh, Tosihiro Isikawa, Masao Takahashi, Akihiko Nogami et al (2004) Use of New Continuous Beat-by-beat Cardiac Output Monitoring System (PulseCO) to Optimize Atrioventricular Interval in Cardiac Resynchronization Therapy.
  6. Tooley (2004) Blood Pressure is an Unreliable Marker of Tissue Perfusion. The Value of Continuous Non Invasive Monitoring of Cardiac Output. Poster presented at the Pediatric Academic Meeting, San Francisco, USA.
    The use of the LiDCOplus Hemodynamic Monitor is unlicensed in patients of less than 40 kgs / 88Ilbs in weight
  7. Friese R, Lemaire S, Minei J (2003) Reduction of Pulse Pressure Variation is Correlated with Preload Recruitable Increases in Cardiac Index. University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas TX 75390-9158. Poster abstract at the ASST (Sept)
  8. Hamilton TT, Huber LM, Jessen ME. (2002) PulseCO™: A Less-Invasive Method to Monitor Cardiac Output From Arterial Pressure After Cardiac Surgery. Ann Thorac Surg; 74:S1408-12.
  9. Linton NWF, Linton RAF (2003) Haemodynamic response to a small intravenous bolus injection of epinephrine in cardiac surgical patients. Euro J of Anaesthesiology 20:298- 304
  10. View AbstractP.R. Roberts, S. Allen, S. Robinson, S.J. Tanser, M.M. Jonas, J.M. Morgan. (2002) Use of lithium dilution assessment of cardiac output to optimise right/left ventricular activation In Resynchronisation Therapy Presented at: 80th Anniversary British Cardiac Society Annual Scientific Conference Harrogate. Pub. In Heart, May 2002: 87 Supplement II(Abstract 146).
  11. View AbstractJA Pittman, JS Sum Ping, MW Sherwood, H El-Moalem, JB Mark. (2002) Continuous cardiac output monitoring by arterial pressure waveform analysis: A 24-hour Comparison with the Lithium Dilution Indicator Method Presented at: The Society of Cardiovascular Anaesthesia New York
  12. View AbstractJohn Tallman, M.D.; Fernando Resano, M.D. and Travis Weddington, M.D. (2002) PulseCO Pulse Contour Versus Continuous Thermodilution Cardiac Output Comparison in Off-Pump Coronary Bypass Graft Surgery Presented at: American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) Annual Meeting Orlando
  13. View AbstractT. Velissaris, D. Hett1, R. Gill1, M. Herbertson1, M. Jonas1, S. Ohri (2002) Hemodynamic Advantages of Right Heart Decompression During Cardiac Verticalization in Beating-Heart Surgery Abstract presented at: Annual Meeting of the Society of Cardiothoracic Surgeons of Great Britain & Ireland (SCTS)
  14. View AbstractT. Velissaris, D. Hett1, R. Gill1, M. Herbertson1, M. Jonas1, S. Ohri (2002) Real-time monitoring of hemodynamic changes during beating-heart coronary surgery. Abstract presented at: Annual Meeting of the Society of Cardiothoracic Surgeons of Great Britain & Ireland (SCTS)
  15. View AbstractL. B. Heller,1* M. Fisher,1 N. Pfanzelter,1 D. Jayakar,1 V. Jeevanandam,1 S. Aronson. (2002) Continuous intraoperative cardiac output determination with arterial pulse wave analysis (PulseCO™) is valid and precise. Presented at: The Society Of Cardiovascular Anesthesiologists New York. & Anesth. Analg 2002. 93:SCA 1-SCA 112.
  16. View AbstractTimothy T. Hamilton, MD and Michael E. Jessen, MD. (2002) PulseCO: Accurate Monitoring of Cardiac Output from the Arterial waveform Presented at: The 8th Annual CTT Meeting 2002 - Current Trends in Thoracic Surgery VIII Dallas
  17. Grauhan O, Mappes A, Gründel M, Jurmann M, Weng Y, Kuppe H, Hetzer R. (2001) Hemodynamic Monitoring Using the PulseCO™ System During Cardiac off-pump Surgery. PulseCO™ + Robotic Surgery Leipzig Meeting 2001.
  18. View AbstractJonas M, Bruce R, Knight J, Kelly F, O'Brien T, Band D. (2001) Comparison of cardiac output measurements using a continuous arterial waveform analysis monitor (PulseCO™) with an indicator dilution technique (LiDCO) in patients in intensive care. Presented at the ICCM Sydney, October.
  19. Mappes A, Gruendel M, Kuppe M. (2001) Perioperative hemodynamic beat-to-beat monitoring of cardiac output: the new PulseCO™ System. Presented at the American Society of Anesthesiology, New Orleans, October.
  20. Linton NWF & Linton RAF. (2001) Estimation of changes in cardiac output from the arterial blood pressure waveform in the upper limb. British Journal of Anaesthesia 86(4): 486-96*.
  21. Jonas W. (2000) Cardiac output: New methods to old problems. The Royal College of Anaesthetists Intensive Care Meeting London June.
  22. Mappes A, Grundel N, Lindert J, Wiersich S, Kuppe H. (2000) First clinical experiences with the new PulseCO™ System in cardiac anaesthesia. Abstract & poster presented at the Congress of Anaesthetists of Berlin, Brandenburg, Sachsen and Sachsen-Anhalt, Potsdam, April.
  23. Linton NWF, Linton RAF. (2000) A new pulse contour cardiac output algorithm. American Society of Anaesthesiology, San Francisco, October*.
  24. View AbstractA. Mappes, M. Gründel, J. Lindert, H. Kuppe Hemodynamic Monitoring During Cardiac Surgery: Improved Arterial Pressure Waveform Analysis - the PulseCO™ System Presented at: Institute of Anesthesiology- Deutsches Herzzentrum Berlin, Germany
  25. O'Brien T, Linton N, Jonas M, Linton R, Band D. (1996) Point-of-care sensor technology for critical care applications. Presentation at Colloquium on New Measurements and Techniques in Intensive Care, London December.

Note LiDCO have researched and developed and patented two pulse contour algorithms: PulseCO™-Autocorrelation & PulseCO™-Fourier. The commercially available PulseCO™ System device utilises the PulseCO™-Autocorrelation algorithm. Publications describing the PulseCO™-Fourier (still in pre-registration development) are marked with an asterisk.

Selected References - Cardiac Output Measurement Techniques

  • Band DM, Linton RAF, O'Brien TK, Jonas MM, Linton NWF. The shape of indicator dilution curves used for cardiac output measurement in man. Journal of Physiology 1997; 498: 225-229.
  • Barash PG, Nardi D, Hammond G, Walker-Smith G, Capuano D, Laks H, Kopriva CJ, Baue AE, Geha AS. Catheter-induced pulmonary artery perforation: mechanisms, management, and modifications. Journal of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery 1981; 82: 5-12.
  • Birch NJ. Inorganic pharmacology of lithium. Chemical Reviews 1999; 99: 2659-2682.
  • Boyd KD, Thomas SJ, Gold J, Boyd AD. A prospective study of complications of pulmonary artery catheterizations in 500 consecutive patients. Chest 1983; 84: 245-249.
  • Branthwaite MA, Bradley RD. Measurement of cardiac output by thermal dilution in man. Journal of Applied Physiology 1968; 24: 434-438.
  • Buchbinder N, Gunz W. Hemodynamic monitoring: invasive techniques. Anesthesiology 1976; 45: 146-155.
  • Carisi A. Polanczyk, MD, ScD; Luis E. Rohde, MD, ScD; Lee Goldman, MD, MPH-E. Francis Cook, ScD; Eric J. Thomas, MD; Edward R. Marcantonio, MD; Carol M Mangione, MD; Thomas H. Lee, MD MSc. Right heart catheterization and cardiac complications in patients undergoing non cardiac surgery; JAMA, 2001; 286: 309-314.
  • Connors AF, Speroff T, Dawson NV et al. The effectiveness of right heart catheterization in the initial care of critically ill patients. Journal of the American Medical Association 1996; 276: 889-897.
  • Critchley, LAH. Impedance cardiography. Anaesthesia 1998; 53: 677-684.
  • Dalen JE, Bone RC. Is it time to pull the pulmonary artery catheter? Journal of the American Medical Association 1996; 276: 916-918.
  • Dow P. Estimations of cardiac output and central blood volume by dyedilution. Physiological Reviews 1956; 36: 77-102.
  • Du Bois D, Du Bois EF. A formula to estimate the approximate surface area if height and weight be known. Archives of Internal Medicine 1916; 17: 863-871.
  • Durand M, Laval J, Feretti G, Perez I, Wollschlager K, Blin D, Girardet P. 3 cases of pulmonary artery false aneurysm induced by Swan-Ganz catheter treatment by early embolisation. British Journal of Anaesthesia 1995; 74,suppl. 2: 10.
  • Editorial. Measurement of cardiac output. Lancet 1988; 2: 257-258.
  • Eidelmann LA, Pizov R, Sprunh CL. Pulmonary artery catheterization - At the crossroads? Critical Care Medicine 1994; 22: 543-545.
  • Erlanger J, Hooker DR. An experimental study of blood-pressure and of pulse-pressure in man. Johns Hopkins Hospital Reports 1904; 12: 145-378.
  • Fick A. Ueber die Messung des Blutquantums in den Herzventrikeln. Sitzungsberichteder Physiologisch-Medizinosche Gesellschaft zu Wurzburg 1870; 2: 16.
  • Fegler G. Measurement of cardiac output in anesthetized animals by athermodilution method. Quarterly Journal of Experimental Physiology 1954;39: 153-164.
  • Fischer AP, Benis AM, Jurado RA, Seely E, Teirstein P, Litwak RS. Analysis of errors in measurement of cardiac output by simultaneous dye and thermaldilution in cardiothoracic surgical patients. Cardiovascular Research 1978;12: 190-199.
  • Ganz W, Donoso R, Marcus HS, Forrester JS, Swan HJC. A new technique for measurement of cardiac output by thermodilution in man. American Journal of Cardiology 1971; 27: 392-396.
  • Genoni M, Pelosi P, Romand JA, Pedoto A, Moccetti T, Malacrida R. Determination of cardiac output during mechanical ventilation by electrical bioimpe dance or thermodilution in patients with acute lung injury: Effects of positive end-expiratory pressure. Critical Care Medicine 1998; 26: 1441-1445.
  • Gomez, CMH, Palazzo, MGA. Pulmonary artery catheterization in anaesthesia and intensive care. British Journal of Anaesthesia 1998; 81: 945-956.
  • Gore JM, Goldberg RJ, Spodick DH, Alpert JS, Dalen JE. A community-wide assessment of the use of pulmonary artery catheters in patients with acutemyocardial infarction. Chest 1987; 92: 721-727.
  • Haller M, Zöllner C, Briegel J, Forst H. Evaluation of a new continuous thermodilution cardiac output monitor in critically ill patients: A prospective criterion study. Critical Care Medicine 1995; 23: 860-866.
  • Hamilton WF, Moore JW, Kinsman JM, Spurling RG: Studies on the circulation. IV Further analysis of the injection method, and of changes in hemodynamics under physiological and pathological conditions. American Journal of Physiology 1932; 99: 534-551.
  • Hamilton WF, Remington JW. The measurement of the stroke volume from the pressure pulse. American Journal of Physiology 1947; 148: 14-24.
  • Heerdt PM, Pond CG, Blessios GA, Rosenbloom M. Inaccuracy of cardiac output by thermodilution during acute tricuspid regurgitation. Annals of Thoracic Surgery 1992; 53: 706-708.
  • Henriques V. Uber die Verteilung des Blutes vom linken Herzen zwischendem Herzen und dem übrigen Organismus. Biochemische Zeitschrift 1913;56: 230-248.
  • Horst HM, Obeid FN, Vij D, Bivins BA. The risks of pulmonary artery catheterization. Surgery Gynecology and Obstetrics 1984; 159: 229-232.
  • Imai T, Takahashi K, Fukura H, Morishita, Y. Measurement of cardiac output by pulse dye densitometry using indocyanine green: a comparison with the thermodilution method. Anesthesiology 1997; 84: 816-822.
  • Imhoff M, Lehner H, Löhlein D. Noninvasive whole-body electrical bioimpedance cardiac output and invasive thermodilution cardiac output in high-risk surgical patients. Critical Care Medicine 2000; 28: 2812-2818.
  • Jakobsen CJ, Melsen NC, Andresen EB. Continuous cardiac output measurements in the perioperative period. Acta Anaesthesiologica Scandinavica 1995; 39: 485-488.
  • Jansen JRC, Wesseling KH, Settels JJ, Schreuder JJ. Continuous cardiac output monitoring by pulse contour during cardiac surgery. European Heart Journal 1990; 11 (Supplement 1): 26-32.
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    Please note: The use of the LiDCOplus Hemodynamic Monitor is unlicensed in patients of less than 40 kgs / 88Ilbs in weight.
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